ABSTRACT
As I was finalizing the article, the coronavirus or COVID-19, some would call it Wuhan virus, hit the entire world, upending the social, political and economic systems in each country. Such never-seen-before crisis propels people to cocreate new ideas in order to combat the virus and conduct their systems. Without doubt, the challenges are humongous which call for radical shift in strategic thinking and systemic changes. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021.
ABSTRACT
With the development of the internet and the availability of smart phones, online shopping and the number of digital buyers have increased enormously under the present social context (COVID-19). The major pitfall of this marketing system is the random non-availability of/refusal by customers. Nowadays, with the development of infrastructure, there are several route connections among the different locations worldwide. Considering these, we formulate some multi-path routing for goods delivery with refusal problems (MPRfGDwRPs) against online booking having different route connections between nodes (customers) and solved by a novel Type-2 fuzzy logic based fireworks algorithm (T2FLFWA) developed for discrete problems with probability-based selection and generation based prime mutation. In T2FLFWA, inferences are drawn to obtain the amplitude coefficient against the assumed spark number and iteration ratio. Some instances from TSPLIB are solved and supremacy of T2FLFWA is established through ANOVA test. In MPRfGDwRP, a delivery man starts with goods from a warehouse against customers' online demands under cash-on-delivery or cash-on bookings systems and delivers the appropriate goods to the respective customers located at different locations. The random refusal or non-availability of customers is considered. The optimum travel plan and appropriate routes between the nodes are selected for minimum total cost. The models are illustrated numerically through a real-life problem. Some managerial conclusions are drawn. The novelty of the investigation is that for the first time, T2FLFWA for discrete problems is developed, delivery man's routing plan with multiple paths between nodes with refusals is formulated and its solution using T2FLFWA is presented. © 2022 The Author(s)
ABSTRACT
Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused due to corona virus that spreaded world-wide and became a pandemic. Currently several studies are going on to search appropriate drugs or vaccine to prevent these disease. To search the plant based medicines which have antiviral and Immunomodulatory properties that prevent the viral infected disease. Liquorice root is used worldwide as an herbal medicine. This root commonly known as sweet wood, Mulethi or Yashtimadhu. Various active components like glycyrrhizin, isoflavonoids, triterpenoids, sterol, amino acid etc that have antiviral and immunomodulatory properties. Liquorice has the ability to reduce the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin, TNFa, and stimulate the secretion of lymphocyte. SARS-CoV2 and SARS-CoV have the same receptor ACE2. Glycyrrhetinic acid helps to down regulate the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in lungs and prevent the entry of virus. Liquorice polysaccharide helps to modulate our immune system by the activation of CD4 T cell. In this present study we reviewed about the Immunomodulatory effect of liquorice that helps in healthy living in pandemic situation. © 2021, Narendra Publishing House, Delhi, India.
ABSTRACT
The COVID 19 pandemic had disrupted the lives of all socio-economic groups of the global population. The lockdowns, social distancing, financial adversi-ties, continuous fear of being a victim to the virus had left every individual desperate with a feeling of vulnerability. Irrespective of all possible efforts at the global level, no ultimate solution to get rid of this virus is available till date except for the preventive measures. Various medicines and formulations are into practice, which may boost one’s immunity to fight against the virus. This catastrophic scenario had resulted in an impact on the human being in all aspects, physical, mental, emotional, social and behavioural. Ayurveda, the science of life has encompassed all these aspects through its preventive and curative principles. Aacharrasayana, code of conduct or behavioural dis-cipline is one such modality that entails perfect mental, physical, social and spiritual health of the human being. The execution of Aacharrasayana in this situation can immensely contribute in restoring mental, spiritual and social health. This review aims to interpret the implementation of various aspects of Aacharrasayanain context of COVID 19 and its utility in combatting the dread-ful crisis.
ABSTRACT
SESSION TITLE: Respiratory Care Posters SESSION TYPE: Original Investigation Posters PRESENTED ON: October 18-21, 2020 PURPOSE: To assess the effect of awake prone positioning (PP) in non-intubated patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and acute hypoxic respiratory failure on oxygenation, escalation to ICU, and mortality. METHODS: A prospective observational cohort study was conducted on a dedicated COVID-19 respiratory step-down unit within an urban, tertiary care, teaching hospital from 4/30/20-5/31/20. The unit was managed by internal medicine residents and hospitalists. Inpatients with documented COVID-19 pneumonia and those under investigation who required supplemental oxygen (nasal cannula, non-rebreather face mask, high flow nasal cannula, non-invasive ventilation) were encouraged to self-prone for at least 30 minutes and up to 4 hours per day (in 2, 2 hour sessions) for 3 to 5 days. Exclusion criteria: inability to provide verbal consent, inability to self-prone or change position, primary team’s safety concerns, inability to protect airway, impending intubation, acute VTE diagnosed in the past 48hr, hypotension, recent intubation or ICU stay during the current admission. SpO2, oxygen delivery modality, and S/F ratios were monitored during PP and until discharge. All patients received usual COVID-19 care according to local institutional guidance. RESULTS: 22 patients were screened for study inclusion, 14 patients were enrolled, 1 could not tolerate PP due to back pain and 2 were transferred to the ICU within 24 hours of enrollment. Of the 11 subjects ultimately analyzed, 55% were male, 45% were female, median age was 55. 2 had underlying lung disease and 2 had no comorbid conditions. 2 died during admission (both DNI), 9 were discharged home, and none were intubated. Only one required home oxygen on discharge. 9 of 11 patients (82%) successfully completed at least 3 days of PP. The median cumulative time spent prone was 10 hours, the mean was 10.3 hours (range: 4 hours-13.5 hours). Of the 9 who survived, 100% demonstrated an improvement in S/F ratio with PP and 8 of 9 patients (89%) continued to maintain improved S/F ratios after completing the PP intervention. CONCLUSIONS: PP is generally well tolerated, and no patients experienced desaturation with PP. Our experience is similar to others who proned patients with ARDS who required HFNC or NIV. While the optimal duration of PP remains unclear, patients who can tolerate at least 4 hours of PP appeared to maintain their S/F ratio gains through discharge. A non-sustained or lack of S/F response to PP appeared associated with worse outcomes. The impact of PP on escalation to ICU in our study remains unclear. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: PP is an easily implemented, low cost, and low risk intervention that could potentially aid in improving oxygenation in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia who have not been intubated and require varying levels of supplemental oxygen support. A lack of improvement in oxygenation with PP may also aid in identifying patients with worse outcomes. DISCLOSURES: No relevant relationships by Jacob Bell, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Abhinav Bhalla, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Patricia Dharapak, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Tsz Keung Eng, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Justin Gasper, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Dewan Giri, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Steven Lim, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Paru Patrawalla, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Paru Patrawalla, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by David Steiger, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Anqi Zheng, source=Web Response